With the widespread use of electricity, more and more devices now rely on rechargeable batteries. They bring convenience and support to our daily lives. You might often notice labels like 12V, 24V, 36V, 48V, 60V, and 72V. These values are related to the power of the devices and are also connected to today’s topic: what are the differences between 12V and 24V battery systems?
12V and 24V are the most common types of batteries. Understanding their differences helps us choose the right one more easily. This also ensures that devices like RVs, electric scooters, and solar systems can operate more efficiently!
12V vs 24V battery
Contents
- 1 What Is a 12V Battery System?
- 2 What Is a 24V Battery System?
- 3 12V vs 24V Battery
- 4 How to Choose the Most Suitable Voltage System?
- 5 Battery Types Of 12V or 24V
- 6 Which Battery Type is Good For You?
- 7 Why Choose Delong Battery?
- 8 Conclusion
- 9 FAQ
- 9.1 Is 24V Battery Better Than 12v?
- 9.2 Can 12V Battery Replace 24V Battery?
- 9.3 Can I Use a 24V Battery In a 12V System?
- 9.4 Can I Switch From 12V System To 24V System?
- 9.5 Are Semi Trucks 12 Or 24 Volt?
- 9.6 What’s The Difference Between 12v And 24v Ride On Car?
- 9.7 Are Rv Batteries 12 Or 24 Volt?
- 9.8 What Happens If You Charge A 12v Battery With 24v?
- 9.9 Is 12v Or 24v Better For A Solar System?
What Is a 12V Battery System?
A 12V battery system refers to a battery with a 12-volt output or a power system made up of 12V batteries. It is ideal for low-power devices, such as LED lights, small household appliances, portable power supplies, motorcycle starter batteries, or small energy storage systems.
12V Battery Structure
A 12V lead-acid battery is typically made up of six 2V cells connected in series.
A 12V lithium-ion battery usually consists of four 3.2V cells connected in series.
Features Of 12V Battery System
Compared to 24V or 48V systems, a 12V battery system has a lower voltage. It offers higher safety and is compatible with many low-power devices. In terms of scalability, the 12V system provides a certain degree of flexibility for adjusting voltage and capacity.
12V Lifepo4 Battery
What Is a 24V Battery System?
A 24V battery system refers to a battery or power system with a 24-volt output. It delivers higher power, making it suitable for power tools, electric vehicles, and medium-sized energy storage systems.
24V Battery Structure
A 24V lead-acid battery typically consists of 12 2V cells connected in series.
For a 24V lithium-ion battery, it usually comprises 8 3.2V cells in series.
If it’s a 24V battery pack, it can also be formed by connecting two 12V batteries in series.
Features Of 24V Battery System
The output voltage of a 24V battery system is higher than that of a 12V system. With higher voltage, the current decreases. This allows you to use thinner cables to connect the system, reducing wiring costs. Additionally, lower current means less transmission loss.
24v lithium battery
12V vs 24V Battery
We now have a basic understanding of 12V and 24V battery systems. To make a more informed choice, let’s explore a detailed comparison from multiple perspectives. For this, we’ll use 12V 100Ah and 24V 100Ah as examples:
• Storage Capacity
The storage capacity of a battery is measured in watt-hours (Wh), which is determined by its voltage and amp-hours.
– 12V 100Ah battery: 12V × 100Ah = 1200Wh (1.2kWh)
– 24V 100Ah battery: 24V × 100Ah = 2400Wh (2.4kWh)
As we can see, a 24V 100Ah battery stores twice the energy of a 12V 100Ah battery. It is better suited for applications requiring larger capacity.
• Backup Time and Load Capacity
The runtime of a battery depends on its available capacity and the size of the load. Since the 24V 100Ah battery has a higher available capacity, it can provide power for a longer time under the same load. Additionally, the 24V 100Ah battery can handle twice the load of a 12V 100Ah battery.
• Battery Size and Weight
For the same capacity, a 24V battery contains more cells or battery packs connected in series. As a result, the 24V 100Ah battery is heavier and larger than the 12V battery. For example:
Delong’s 24V 100Ah battery weighs 36kg and measures 522239218mm.
In comparison, the 12V 100Ah battery weighs only 11.2kg and measures 329172214mm.
• Application Scenarios
12V batteries are suitable for small devices such as electric toys, emergency lighting, car starter batteries, and small household backup power systems.
24V batteries are ideal for power tools, industrial equipment, electric vehicles, electric scooters, and larger solar energy storage systems.
• Price and Maintenance
For the same type of battery, higher voltage generally means a higher price. However, factors such as the supplier and region can also influence the cost.
• Scalability
A 12V battery needs to be connected in series to achieve 24V, which makes the circuitry more complex. In contrast, a 24V battery can directly output high voltage for efficient transmission.
| Comparison Dimension | 12V Battery System | 24V Battery System |
|---|---|---|
| Power range | Within 3000W | Better suited for loads over 3000W |
| Current size | Larger, generates more heat, leads to higher transmission losses. | Smaller, produces less heat, ensures higher transmission efficiency. |
| Wiring requirements | Requires thicker cables, resulting in higher wiring costs. | Thinner cables, reduce wiring costs |
| Efficiency | Greater line losses, with relatively lower efficiency. | Lower line losses, resulting in higher transmission efficiency |
| Device compatibility | Compatible with most vehicle components and widely used accessories; affordable and easy to source. | Supports more types of electrical devices, especially high-power equipment; component costs are slightly higher |
| Backup time | Shorter power supply duration. | Offers double the capacity of a 12V system |
| Initial investment cost | Lower cost, suitable for users with limited budgets. | Higher cost, ideal for users requiring high efficiency and power. |
| Extensibility | Easier to expand capacity through series or parallel connections. | Better for large-scale expansion in high-power systems |
| Safety | Low voltage, ensures safer installation and maintenance. | High voltage, requires attention to circuit safety, making it more suitable for experienced users |
| Size and weight | Smaller and lighter, taking up less space. | Larger and heavier, taking up more space |
| Application scenarios | Suitable for small systems such as electric toys, emergency lighting, car starter batteries, small solar devices, and small household power systems. | Medium-scale systems: power tools, small commercial equipment, electric vehicles, farm machinery, residential solar systems |
| Maintenance requirements | Simple system design, easy maintenance, and lower overall cost. | Requires proper battery pack balancing, with more complex maintenance needs |
How to Choose the Most Suitable Voltage System?
• Device Compatibility
Check the input voltage of your device. If it is 12V, choose a 12V battery system. If it is 24V, opt for a 24V system.
• Load Power
For devices with power requirements below 3000W, a 12V battery system is a suitable choice. It is compatible with many standard devices, such as small boats, recreational vehicles, and off-grid solar systems.
For devices with power demands exceeding 3000W, such as power tools, medium-sized energy storage systems, electric vehicles, and electric forklifts, a 24V battery system is suitable. These high-power devices or applications requiring long operating times are well-matched to this system.
• Power Efficiency
For low-power devices, a 12V battery is sufficient. Using excessively high voltage can lead to energy waste. For high-power devices, a 24V battery is more efficient. It requires lower current, reduces cable demands, and minimizes power loss.
• Runtime
Under the same load, a 24V battery can provide power for a longer duration.
• Space Constraints
A 12V battery system is smaller and lighter, making it better suited for space-limited scenarios, such as portable power supplies for camping.
• Cost and Budget
The initial cost of a 12V system is lower. However, a 24V system is more energy-efficient and has lower losses, which could result in a lower total cost over the long run.
Battery Types Of 12V or 24V
When choosing between a 12V and 24V system, don’t forget to consider the battery type. Different types have their own pros and cons, which can impact your system’s performance.
Flooded Lead-Acid Battery: It has low energy density, is relatively heavy, and requires frequent maintenance. Its cycle life is short, typically around 300-500 cycles. However, it is very affordable, making it a good option for budget-conscious users.
Lithium Battery: It has a high energy density, is compact, and weighs only about one-third of a lead-acid battery. A key advantage is its long cycle life. Lithium batteries also have a low self-discharge rate and require no maintenance. However, their initial cost is higher, making them suitable for users with a more flexible budget.
AGM Battery: It has a longer cycle life than flooded lead-acid batteries but comes at a higher price. The upside is that it requires no maintenance. AGM batteries are spill-proof and can be installed in various positions. However, they are larger and heavier than lithium-ion batteries.
GEL Battery: Like AGM batteries, it is maintenance-free. While its cycle life is not as long as that of lithium-ion batteries, it is still relatively durable. Gel batteries are more expensive than AGM but offer better shock resistance and are also sealed.
Related Article: 12V Battery Types: A Comprehensive Analysis
Which Battery Type is Good For You?
This table might help you with your decision:
| Comparison Criteria | Lead Acid Battery | Lithium Battery | AGM Battery | GEL Battery |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy Density | Low | High | Medium | Medium |
| Cycle Life | 300-500 cycles | 2000-5000 cycles | 500-1000 cycles | 500-1200 cycles |
| Depth of Discharge | Around 50% | 80%-100%, deep discharge possible | 50%-70% | 50%-70% |
| Charging Efficiency | 70%-80%, slow | ＞95%, Faster | 80%-85%, quick | 80%-85%, quick |
| Weight | Heavy | Lighter, about 1/3 to 1/2 the weight of a lead-acid battery | Heavier, compared to lithium batteries. | Heavier than AGM batteries. |
| Price | Low (low initial investment) | High (larger initial investment, but lower long-term costs) | Moderate weight (between lead-acid and lithium batteries). | Moderately high weight. |
| Maintenance Requirements | High | Low, maintenance-free | Low, maintenance-free. | Low, maintenance-free. |
| Maintenance Requirements | Wide temperature range, good high-temperature resistance | Temperature-sensitive, performs poorly in low temperatures | Good performance in low temperatures. | Performs well in low-temperature conditions. |
| Safety | Liquid leakage and hydrogen release may pose safety risks | High safety, with BMS to prevent overcharging and deep | Safe, with no risk of liquid leakage. | Safe, with no risk of liquid leakage. |
Related Article: Lithium Ion VS. Lead Acid Batteries | Compare Guide
Why Choose Delong Battery?
Before purchasing a 12V or 24V battery, consult a professional battery supplier. Delong has been deeply involved in the lithium battery industry for 13 years and is a trusted team. Our 12V and 24V lithium batteries use high-quality lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) cells, offering a service life of up to 12 years. They are compact, lightweight, easy to install, and maintenance-free. With lower long-term costs, they help maximize your long-term returns. These batteries are an excellent replacement for lead-acid batteries, providing reliable and efficient power.
In addition to lead-acid replacement batteries, Delong also offers power batteries, home energy storage batteries, and commercial energy storage solutions. Feel free to contact us for tailored solar energy storage solutions.
Delong at the Hong Kong Electronics Fair 2024
Conclusion
That’s all for today’s discussion on 12V and 24V batteries. I hope you now have a clearer understanding of their differences and how to choose between them. If you’re still unsure, feel free to reach out to Delong. Our team is here to provide you with efficient and reliable power solutions.
FAQ
Is 24V Battery Better Than 12v?
Each has its own advantages and disadvantages, making them suitable for different scenarios. Therefore, you should evaluate based on the actual application, considering factors such as device power, desired efficiency, installation space, budget, and compatibility. Assessing these dimensions will help determine which option is best for your project.
Can 12V Battery Replace 24V Battery?
The output voltage of a 12V battery is lower than that of a 24V battery. Directly replacing a 24V battery with a 12V one may cause the equipment to malfunction. However, if you connect two 12V batteries in series, the battery pack can serve as a replacement for a 24V battery. Be sure to pay attention to battery consistency, compatibility, and proper protective measures.
Can I Use a 24V Battery In a 12V System?
The output voltage of a 24V battery exceeds the design limits of a 12V system. Using a 24V battery directly could lead to reduced efficiency, equipment damage, or even safety risks.
If you must use a 24V battery in the system, you can consider a step-down device (DC-DC converter). However, this makes the circuit more complex and introduces potential safety risks. Of course, it also increases the overall cost.
Can I Switch From 12V System To 24V System?
This is possible. Upgrading from a 12V to a 24V system can improve power transmission efficiency and reduce heat loss. However, before making the switch, you need to consider several factors: power requirements, cost assessment, and device compatibility. Additionally, battery configuration, charging equipment, and protective devices should not be overlooked.
Are Semi Trucks 12 Or 24 Volt?
Semi-trailer trucks typically use a 24V battery system due to their higher power demands. The 24V system efficiently provides sufficient power while reducing current loss in cables and connectors. It can support the operation of various devices.
Semi-trucks are typically equipped with step-down converters to change the 24V voltage to 12V. The 12V output can power some auxiliary devices, such as onboard chargers and entertainment systems.
What’s The Difference Between 12v And 24v Ride On Car?
The main difference between 12V and 24V ride-on vehicles is the voltage of their power systems.
12V ride-on vehicles are commonly used for daily commuting, leisure, or light cargo transport. Vehicles like commuter bikes, small electric cars, and golf carts require less power. They are primarily used for starting the engine, powering lights, air conditioning, and onboard electronics.
24V ride-on vehicles are commonly used in high-load scenarios such as industrial transportation, long-distance travel, or heavy-duty operations. Vehicles like trucks, buses, and tractors require more power. They need to start powerful engines and operate large air conditioning or refrigeration systems.
Are Rv Batteries 12 Or 24 Volt?
RV batteries can be either 12V or 24V, depending on the design and power requirements of the RV.
12V RV batteries are more commonly used. They have simpler circuits and offer flexible options for expanding voltage or capacity, which is suitable for basic needs like lighting, water pumps, and fans.
24V RV batteries are typically used in larger RVs, such as those equipped with air conditioners, large refrigerators, microwaves, or multifunctional power generation systems. These systems are more efficient and consume less energy. A 24V system is capable of powering high-wattage appliances in an RV for extended periods.
12V Lifepo4 Battery For RV
What Happens If You Charge A 12v Battery With 24v?
The normal charging voltage range for a 12V battery is between 13.8V and 14.4V. Using a 24V charger to charge it can overcharge the battery, causing internal damage. Excessive voltage can lead to overheating, potentially resulting in fire or explosion. These risks can ultimately shorten the battery’s lifespan, damage equipment, and cause additional financial loss.
Related Article: Can You Charge The Lithium Battery With Lead Acid Charger?
Is 12v Or 24v Better For A Solar System?
Both 12V and 24V batteries can be used in solar systems, but the difference lies in their power capacity.
12V batteries are more cost-effective, and their installation and maintenance are simpler. They are ideal for small solar systems, such as those in RVs, small boats, or camping equipment.
24V batteries have higher power, lower loss, and can transmit over longer distances. They are suitable for medium-sized solar systems, such as those for standalone homes, farms, or small commercial applications.
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