The right RV battery gives you stable power even when you’re outdoors for a long time. It keeps your devices running and makes your trip more comfortable. There are two common types of RV batteries: lithium and AGM. How should you choose? This article will explain the differences from several aspects and give you practical advice.
Contents
What Is AGM RV Battery?
AGM RV batteries are lead-acid batteries. Unlike traditional lead-acid batteries, they use fiberglass separators to absorb the electrolyte. This gives them the following features:
Pros
The electrolyte in an AGM battery is not liquid, so it doesn’t need regular watering, which reduces maintenance. Because of its sealed design, it can be installed at any angle. It has a low initial cost, making it a good choice for RV users on a budget.
Cons
AGM batteries have low energy density and are quite heavy. Their depth of discharge is usually 50-70%, and the lifespan is only 3-5 years. Also, they have a high self-discharge rate and low charging efficiency, so they take longer to charge.
What Is Lithium RV Battery?
Lithium RV batteries usually refer to LiFePO4 batteries. They use lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material, offering high energy density and good stability. They are very popular in the market. Their main features are:
Pros
Lithium iron phosphate batteries have a lifespan 3-5 times longer than AGM batteries, lasting about 10 years. Because of their high energy density, they are small in size and light in weight. Their depth of discharge can reach 80%-100%, providing longer runtime. Additionally, their charging efficiency is over 95%, and they can be fully charged in 2-5 hours. Lithium iron phosphate batteries also have a low self-discharge rate, making them suitable for RVs that are parked for long periods.
Cons
LiFePO4 batteries have a high upfront cost, so long-term use is needed to lower the total ownership cost. In extremely cold areas, a self-heating function is needed for better charging and discharging. Also, it’s best to use a dedicated charger for them.
AGM Vs. Lithium RV Battery
A more detailed comparison between them is as follows:
Energy Density
- AGM batteries have an energy density of 30-50Wh/kg.
- LiFePO4 batteries have an energy density of 90-160Wh/kg.
Weight and Size
- AGM batteries are heavy, which adds to the RV’s load, increases fuel consumption, and reduces driving range. A large battery takes up more space and affects the RV’s layout.
- When the capacity is the same, lithium batteries are smaller and can weigh half as much as AGM batteries. They are suitable for applications where weight and space matter, and they help improve the RV’s range and energy efficiency.
Lightweight Lithium Battery
For example, a 12V 400Ah battery: an AGM battery may weigh 120-160kg, while a lithium battery weighs only 36-60kg, greatly reducing the load.
Discharge of Depth (DOD)
- AGM batteries can’t fully use their capacity and can only discharge 50%-70%. Deep discharge (over 50%) will speed up wear and shorten their lifespan.
- Lithium batteries support deep discharge, with usable capacity at 80%-100%, offering high energy efficiency.
Cycle Life
- AGM batteries have 300-800 cycles and last 3-5 years.
- Lithium batteries can handle 2000-5000 cycles and last 8-15 years.
Charging Efficiency And Time
- AGM batteries have a charging efficiency of 70%-80%, and they don’t support long periods of high-current charging. It takes 6-12 hours to fully charge.
- Lithium batteries have a higher energy conversion rate, charge faster, and only take 2-5 hours without needing extra cooling time.
Low-Temperature Performance
- AGM batteries perform well in cold environments when discharging, but their charging efficiency decreases, and the voltage drops significantly. Compared to lithium batteries, they are better suited for very cold environments.
- Lithium batteries have reduced discharge performance in cold temperatures, but still perform better than AGM. However, they can’t charge properly below 0°C and could even be damaged. Therefore, it’s recommended to choose a BMS with a self-heating function.
Safety
- AGM batteries can swell and leak when overcharged, over-discharged, or short-circuited. The corrosive electrolyte inside is harmful to the environment and the human body.
- LiFePO4 batteries have very stable chemical properties. They must be equipped with a BMS to provide full protection against overcharging, over-discharging, and short circuits.
Lithium Battery With Smart BMS
Self-discharge Rate
- AGM batteries have a high self-discharge rate. If not used for a long time, they can lose power easily. They need regular maintenance charging when stored for long periods.
- Lithium batteries have a low self-discharge rate. Their power decreases slowly, and they can maintain good charge even when stored for a long time.
Maintenance
- AGM batteries need regular maintenance to prevent sulfation.
- Lithium batteries require no special maintenance, making them easier to use.
Environmentally Friendly
- AGM batteries contain sulfuric acid, which is corrosive.
- Lithium batteries do not contain acid or heavy metals, making them more environmentally friendly.
Cost
- AGM batteries have a low initial cost, but their lifespan is short, and they need to be replaced more often. This makes them less suitable for long-term investors.
- Lithium batteries have a higher upfront cost, but they last longer and have high discharge efficiency. Over time, they offer better value for money.
What Type of Deep Cycle Battery Is Best for RV?
For AGM batteries, they are suitable for users with a limited budget and those who don’t use batteries frequently. If the campsite has stable power supply and you don’t rely on long-term off-grid power, AGM is also a good option. Additionally, AGM batteries can be considered for those who often travel in cold areas.
Lithium batteries are suitable for users who go on long trips, camp frequently, and need off-grid power for extended periods. Their lightweight design helps reduce the load on your RV and improves fuel efficiency. Additionally, if you have a flexible budget and want to avoid frequent battery replacements while saving time and effort, lithium batteries are a great choice. They can lower your investment costs over 10 years and maximize your benefits.
Best Lithium Battery for RV
We are a lithium battery manufacturer, providing green energy for RV manufacturers and consumers for many years. Whether it’s a replacement for lead-acid batteries or energy storage batteries, we offer the best options. Our popular choices include 100Ah, 150Ah, 170Ah, 200Ah, and 300Ah.
12V Lifepo4 Battery For RV
Conclusion
We hope the comparison between AGM and lithium RV batteries above is helpful to you. Whether you need a custom RV lithium battery solution or OEM/ODM services, please contact Delong Energy.
FAQ
What Is the Longest Lasting Battery for an RV?
Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries support deep discharges and have the longest lifespan among RV batteries. Their cycle life is 3-5 times longer than lead-acid batteries.
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